**Isihloko: Ukuqhubela phambili ekuqondeni iiPropati zeMathiriyeli ngeNdlela yoMfuniselo eDityanisiweyo kunye nethiyori**
Kuphononongo olusisiseko olupapashwe kutshanje, abaphandi baye badibanisa ngempumelelo iindlela zovavanyo kunye nethiyori ukuze bafumane ukuqonda okunzulu kwiipropathi zezinto eziphambili. Le ndlela intsha ayiphuculi nje indlela esiziqonda ngayo izinto eziphathekayo kodwa ikwavula indlela yophuhliso lwezicelo ezitsha kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, eziquka izinto zombane, ugcino lwamandla, kunye neteknoloji ye-nanotechnology.
Iqela lophando, eliqulunqwe ziingcali zefiziksi, iikhemikhali, kunye noososayensi bezinto eziphathekayo, baqalise le projekthi ngenjongo yokutyhila intsebenziswano enzima elawula izinto eziphathekayo kumanqanaba e-athomu kunye neemolekyuli. Ngokudibanisa idatha yovavanyo kunye neemodeli zethiyori, abaphandi bajolise ekudaleni isakhelo esibanzi esinokuqikelela ukuba izinto ziziphatha njani phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo.
Enye yeembalasane eziphambili kolu phando ibiluphando lwenoveli yodidi lwemathiriyeli eyaziwa ngokuba yimathiriyeli ene-dimensional (2D). Ezi zixhobo, ezibandakanya i-graphene kunye ne-transition metal dichalcogenides, ziye zafumana ingqwalasela ebalulekileyo ngenxa yeempawu zabo ezizodwa ze-elektroniki, ezibonakalayo kunye nezomatshini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda iindlela ezisisiseko ezinegalelo kwezi zakhiwo kuhlala kungumngeni.
Ukujongana noku, abaphandi baqeshe indibaniselwano yeendlela eziphambili zovavanyo, ezinje nge-atomic force microscopy (AFM) kunye neRaman spectroscopy, ecaleni kweendlela zokubala ezifana nethiyori yokusebenza koxinaniso (DFT). Le ndlela intlu-mbini yabavumela ukuba bajonge ukuziphatha kwemathiriyeli ngexesha lokwenyani ngelixa ngaxeshanye beqinisekisa uqikelelo lwabo lwethiyori.
Inqanaba lovavanyo libandakanya ukudibanisa iisampulu ezikumgangatho ophezulu wemathiriyeli ye-2D kunye nokuzithobela kwizinto ezahlukeneyo zangaphandle, ezinjengokutshintsha kobushushu kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini. Iqela lirekhode ngocoselelo iimpendulo zemathiriyeli, ezibonelele ngedatha exabisekileyo yokucokisa iimodeli zabo zethiyori.
Kwicala lethiyori, abaphandi baphuhlisa ukulinganisa okunzima okubalela ukusebenzisana phakathi kweathomu kunye nefuthe lezinto zangaphandle. Ngokuthelekisa iziphumo ezivela kukulinganisa kwabo kunye nedatha yovavanyo, baye bakwazi ukuchonga ukungafani kunye nokuphucula imizekelo yabo ngakumbi. Le nkqubo yokuphindaphinda ayizange iphucule nje ukuchaneka koqikelelo lwazo kodwa yakwenza nzulu ukuqonda kwabo imigaqo esisiseko elawula ukuziphatha kwezinto eziphathekayo.
Esinye seziphumo ezibalulekileyo zophononongo kukufunyanwa kwenguqu yesigaba esingaziwayo ngaphambili kwenye yezinto ze-2D. Le nguqu yesigaba, eyenzeka phantsi kweemeko ezithile, iguqula izinto eziphathekayo ze-elektroniki ngokuphawulekayo. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba oku kufunyanisiweyo kunokukhokelela kuphuhliso lwezixhobo zombane ezitsha eziphakamisa ezi zakhiwo zikhethekileyo ekusebenzeni okuphuculweyo.
Ngaphezu koko, indlela edibeneyo yavumela iqela ukuba lihlolisise amandla ezi zinto kwizicelo zokugcina amandla. Ngokuqonda indlela izinto ezisebenzisana ngayo kunye ne-ion ngexesha lokutshaja kunye neenkqubo zokukhupha, abaphandi baye bakwazi ukuphakamisa ukuguqulwa okunokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomthamo weebhetri kunye ne-supercapacitors.
Iziphumo zolu phando zidlulela ngaphaya kwezinto ezifunyaniswe ngoku. Ukudityaniswa ngempumelelo kweendlela zovavanyo kunye nethiyori isebenza njengemodeli yezifundo zexesha elizayo kwisayensi yezinto. Ngokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kovavanyo kunye neethiyori, abaphandi banokukhawulezisa ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokwandisa iipropathi zabo kwizicelo ezithile.
Ukongeza kwigalelo layo lezesayensi, uphando lubonisa ukubaluleka kwentsebenziswano yamacandelo emfundo ekujonganeni nemingeni enzima kwisayensi yezinto. Abaphandi bagxininise ukuba intsebenziswano phakathi kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo yobuchwephesha ibalulekile ekuqhubeni izinto ezintsha kunye nokuqhubela phambili itekhnoloji.
Njengoko imfuno yezinto eziphambili ziqhubeka nokukhula, ngakumbi kumxholo wezisombululo zamandla ezizinzileyo kunye nesizukulwana esilandelayo se-elektroniki, ukuqonda okufunyenwe kolu phando kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu. Ukukwazi ukuqikelela indlela yokuziphatha kwezinto ngokuchanekileyo kuya kwenza ukuba iinjineli kunye nabaqulunqi benze iimveliso ezisebenzayo nezisebenzayo, ekugqibeleni zizuzisa uluntu luphela.
Ukuqukumbela, indlela edibeneyo yokulinga kunye nethiyori esetyenziswe kolu phononongo imele inyathelo elibalulekileyo eliya phambili ekuqondeni kwethu iipropathi zezinto eziphathekayo. Ngokuvala umsantsa phakathi kwethiyori kunye nokuziqhelanisa, abaphandi abafumani izinto ezintsha kuphela kodwa babeka isiseko senkqubela phambili yekamva kwisayensi yezixhobo. Njengoko lo mmandla uqhubeka uvela, amandla okusebenzisa izinto ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe ahlala ebanzi, ethembisa ikamva eliqaqambileyo nelizinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-19-2024
