umthwali we-catalyst kunye ne-zeolite

Sisebenzisa iikuki ukuphucula amava akho. Ngokuqhubeka ukhangela le sayithi, uyavuma ukuba sisebenzise iikuki. Ulwazi oluthe kratya.
Eli nqaku ligxile kwiipropati ze-acidity yomphezulu wee-catalysts ze-oxide kunye neenkxaso (γ-Al2O3, CeO2, ZrO2, SiO2, TiO2, HZSM5 zeolite) kunye nokuchongwa okuthelekisayo kwemiphezulu yazo ngokulinganisa i-temperature-programmed ammonia desorption (ATPD). I-ATPD yindlela ethembekileyo nelula apho umphezulu, emva kokuba uzaliswe yi-ammonia kubushushu obuphantsi, utshintsha ubushushu, okukhokelela ekukhutshweni kwee-molecules ze-probe kunye nokusasazwa kobushushu.
Ngohlalutyo lobungakanani kunye/okanye lomgangatho wepateni yokufunxa, ulwazi lunokufunyanwa ngamandla okufunxa/ukufunxa kunye nobungakanani be-ammonia efunxayo kumphezulu (ukuthathwa kwe-ammonia). Njengemolekyuli esisiseko, i-ammonia ingasetyenziswa njengeprobe ukumisela i-asidi yomphezulu. Olu lwazi lunokunceda ukuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo iisampulu kwaye luncede nokulungisa ukwenziwa kweenkqubo ezintsha. Endaweni yokusebenzisa isixhobo sokubona i-TCD yendabuko, i-quadrupole mass spectrometer (i-Hiden HPR-20 QIC) yasetyenziswa kulo msebenzi, yaqhagamshelwa kwisixhobo sovavanyo nge-capillary eshushu.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-QMS kusenza sikwazi ukwahlula ngokulula phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezisuswe kumphezulu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa naziphi na iikhemikhali okanye izihluzi zomzimba kunye nemigibe enokuchaphazela kakubi uhlalutyo. Ukuseta ngokufanelekileyo amandla e-ionization yesixhobo kunceda ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kweemolekyuli zamanzi kunye nokuphazamiseka okubangelwa yisignali ye-ammonia m/z. Ukuchaneka kunye nokuthembeka kwedatha yokutsalwa kwe-ammonia ecwangcisiweyo ngobushushu kuhlalutywe kusetyenziswa iikhrayitheriya zethiyori kunye novavanyo lovavanyo, kugqamisa imiphumo yendlela yokuqokelela idatha, igesi yokuthwala, ubungakanani bezinto ezincinci, kunye nejometri ye-reactor, okubonisa ukuguquguquka kwendlela esetyenzisiweyo.
Zonke izinto ezifundwayo zineendlela ezintsonkothileyo ze-ATPD ezigubungela uluhlu lwe-423-873K, ngaphandle kwe-cerium, ebonisa iincopho ezinqamlezileyo zokutsalwa kwe-ammonia ezibonisa i-asidi ephantsi efanayo. Idatha yobungakanani ibonisa umahluko ekutsalweni kwe-ammonia phakathi kwezinye izinto kunye ne-silica ngaphezu komyalelo wobukhulu. Ekubeni ukusasazwa kwe-ATPD kwe-cerium kulandela i-Gaussian curve nokuba umphezulu ugqunywe njani kwaye ushushu kangakanani na, ukuziphatha kwezinto ezifundwayo kuchazwa njengomgca wemisebenzi emine ye-Gaussian enxulunyaniswa nokudityaniswa kwamaqela esayithi aphakathi, abuthathaka, aqinileyo, nanamandla kakhulu. Nje ukuba yonke idatha iqokelelwe, uhlalutyo lwemodeli ye-ATPD lwasetyenziswa ukunceda ukufumana ulwazi ngamandla okutsalwa kwemolekyuli yeprobe njengomsebenzi wobushushu bokutsalwa ngakunye. Ukusasazwa kwamandla okuqokelelweyo ngendawo kubonisa la maxabiso alandelayo e-asidi asekelwe kumaxabiso aphakathi amandla (kwi-kJ/mol) (umz. ukugubungela umphezulu θ = 0.5).
Njengempendulo yeprobe, ipropene yaphelelwa ngamanzi kwi-isopropanol ukuze kufunyanwe ulwazi olongezelelweyo malunga nokusebenza kwezinto ezifundwayo. Iziphumo ezifunyenweyo bezihambelana nomlinganiselo wangaphambili we-ATPD ngokwendlela amandla kunye nobuninzi beendawo ze-asidi yomphezulu, kwaye zenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukwahlula phakathi kweendawo ze-asidi zeBrønsted kunye neLewis.
Umfanekiso 1. (Ekhohlo) Ukususwa kweprofayili ye-ATPD kusetyenziswa umsebenzi weGaussian (umgca otyheli onamachaphaza umele iprofayili evelisiweyo, amachaphaza amnyama yidatha yovavanyo) (ekunene) Umsebenzi wokusasazwa kwamandla okutsalwa kwe-ammonia kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
URoberto Di Cio iFaculty of Engineering, iYunivesithi yaseMessina, Contrada Dee Dee, Sant'Agata, I-98166 Messina, Italy
UFrancesco Arena, uRoberto Di Cio, uGiuseppe Trunfio (2015) “Uvavanyo lovavanyo lwendlela yokunyibilikisa ubushushu be-Ammonia ecwangcisiweyo yokuphanda iipropati ze-asidi zeendawo ezinee-catalyst ezahlukeneyo” I-Applied Catalysis A: Uhlaziyo 503, 227-236
Fihla uhlalutyo. (Nge-9 kaFebruwari 2022). Uvavanyo lovavanyo lwendlela yokufunxwa kwe-ammonia ngendlela yobushushu ukuze kufundwe iipropati ze-asidi zeendawo ezahlukeneyo zee-catalysts. AZ. Ifunyenwe nge-7 kaSeptemba 2023 kwi-https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=14016.
Fihla uhlalutyo. "Uvavanyo lovavanyo lweNdlela yokuSuswa kweAmmonia eCwangcisiweyo yoBushushu yokufunda iiProperties ze-Acid ze-Heterogeneous Catalyst Surfaces". AZ. Septemba 7, 2023 .
Fihla uhlalutyo. "Uvavanyo lovavanyo lweNdlela yokuSuswa kweAmmonia eCwangcisiweyo yoBushushu yokufunda iiProperties ze-Acid ze-Heterogeneous Catalyst Surfaces". AZ. https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=14016. (Ifikelelwe: Septemba 7, 2023).
Fihla uhlalutyo. 2022. Uvavanyo lovavanyo lwendlela yokufunxa i-ammonia ecwangciswe ngobushushu yokufunda iipropati ze-asidi ze-catalyst surfaces ezahlukeneyo. I-AZoM, ifikelelwe nge-7 Septemba 2023, https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=14016.