Isihluzo semolekyuli sisixhobo esineembobo ezinemingxuma emincinci kakhulu, enobukhulu obufanayo. Sisebenza njengesihluzo sasekhitshini, ngaphandle kwesikali semolekyuli, esahlula imixube yegesi equlethe iimolekyuli ezinobukhulu obuninzi. Ziimolekyuli ezincinci kuneembobo kuphela ezinokudlula kuzo; ngelixa iimolekyuli ezinkulu zivalekile. Ukuba iimolekyuli ofuna ukuzahlula zinobukhulu obufanayo, isihluzo semolekyuli sinokwahlulwa nge-polarity. Izihluzo zisetyenziswa kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa njengokususa umswakama kwiidesiccants kwaye zinceda ukuthintela ukuwohloka kweemveliso.
Iintlobo zeeSieves zeMolecular
Ii-molecular seeves ziza ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-3A, 4A, 5A kunye ne-13X. Amaxabiso eenombolo achaza ubungakanani be-pore kunye nokwakheka kweekhemikhali ze-seeves. Ii-ion ze-potassium, i-sodium, kunye ne-calcium ziyatshintshwa kwi-composition ukulawula ubukhulu be-pore. Kukho amanani ahlukeneyo e-meshes kwii-seeves ezahlukeneyo. I-molecular seeves enenani elincinci le-meshes isetyenziselwa ukwahlula iigesi, kwaye enye ene-meshes ezininzi isetyenziselwa ulwelo. Ezinye iiparameter ezibalulekileyo ze-molecular seeves ziquka imo (umgubo okanye i-bead), ubuninzi bobuninzi, amanqanaba e-pH, amaqondo obushushu okuvuselelwa (ukusebenza), ukufuma, njl.njl.
I-Molecular Sieve kunye ne-Silica Gel
Ijeli yeSilica ingasetyenziswa njenge-desiccant yokususa umswakama kodwa yahlukile kakhulu kwisihluzo semolekyuli. Izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokuqwalaselwa xa ukhetha phakathi kwezi zimbini ziindlela zokuhlanganisa, utshintsho kuxinzelelo, amanqanaba omswakama, amandla oomatshini, uluhlu lobushushu, njl. Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwesihluzo semolekyuli kunye nejeli ye-silica zezi:
Izinga lokufunxwa kwesihluzo semolekyuli likhulu kunelo lejeli yesilika. Oku kungenxa yokuba isihluzo sisixhobo esomisa ngokukhawuleza.
Isihluzo semolekyuli sisebenza ngcono kunejeli yesilika kubushushu obuphezulu, njengoko sinesakhiwo esifanayo esibopha amanzi ngamandla.
Xa i-Relative Humidity iphantsi, amandla esihluzo se-molecular angcono kakhulu kune-silica gel.
Ulwakhiwo lwesihluzo semolekyuli luchaziwe kwaye luneembobo ezifanayo, ngelixa ulwakhiwo lwejeli ye-silica lungenasimo kwaye luneembobo ezininzi ezingahambelaniyo.
Indlela Yokusebenzisa Ii-Molecular Sieves
Ukuze kusebenze ii-molecular seeves, imfuneko esisiseko kukuvezwa kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu, kwaye ubushushu kufuneka bube phezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuze i-adsorbate itshise. Ubushushu buya kwahluka ngokwezinto ezifunxwayo kunye nohlobo lwe-adsorbent. Ubushushu obungaguqukiyo be-170-315oC (338-600oF) buya kufuneka kwiintlobo zee-seeves ekuthethwe ngazo ngaphambili. Zombini izinto ezifunxwayo, kunye ne-adsorbent ziyafudunyezwa kobu bushushu. Ukomisa nge-vacuum yindlela ekhawulezayo yokwenza oku kwaye kufuna amaqondo obushushu aphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nokomisa ngomlilo.
Nje ukuba zisebenze, izihluzo zingagcinwa kwisikhongozeli seglasi esine-parafilm esongiweyo kabini. Oku kuya kuzigcina zisebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ukujonga ukuba izihluzo ziyasebenza na, ungazibamba ngesandla sakho ngelixa unxibe iiglavu uze wongeze amanzi kuzo. Ukuba zisebenza ngokupheleleyo, ubushushu buyaphakama kakhulu, kwaye awuyi kukwazi ukuzibamba nangona unxibe iiglavu.
Kucetyiswa ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokhuseleko ezifana neekiti zePPE, iiglavu, kunye neeglasi zokhuseleko njengoko inkqubo yokusebenza kwezihluzo zemolekyuli ibandakanya ukujongana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye neekhemikhali, kunye neengozi ezinxulumene noko.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-30-2023
