Kuphononongo olusisiseko, abaphandi baye bajonga ukusebenza kwe-molecular sieve powders ezahlukeneyo kwindawo yoxinzelelo lomsi. Uphando lugxininise kuluhlu lwe-molecular sieves, kuquka i-3A, i-5A, i-10X, i-13X, i-NaY, i-MCM-41-Al, kunye ne-MCM-41-Si, ejolise ekuboneni amandla abo ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa okuyingozi ngexesha leenkqubo zoshishino.
Ukucinezelwa komsi yinkxalabo ebalulekileyo kumashishini amaninzi, ngakumbi lawo abandakanya ukusebenza kobushushu obuphezulu njengokusebenza kwesinyithi, ukuwelda, kunye nokuveliswa kweekhemikhali. Ukukhutshwa komsi kunokubeka ingozi enkulu kwimpilo kubasebenzi kwaye kube negalelo kungcoliseko lwendalo. Ngaloo ndlela, imfuno yeendlela zokucinezela ezisebenzayo ayizange icinezele ngakumbi.
Iisefu zemolekyuli zizixhobo zekristale ezinobukhulu obufanayo bepore ezinokukhetha ngokukhetha iimolekyuli ezihambelana nobukhulu kunye nokumila kwazo. Le propati ekhethekileyo ibenza babe ngabaviwa abafanelekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukwahlukana kwegesi, i-catalysis, kwaye, njengoko olu phononongo lucebisa, ukucutha umsi. Abaphandi bafuna ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwee-powders ze-molecular sieve ezahlukeneyo ekubambeni nasekunciphiseni umsi onobungozi.
Uphononongo lwaqala ngophononongo olubanzi lweepropathi ze-molecular sieves ezikhethiweyo. Iisefu ze-3A kunye ne-5A, ezaziwa ngokukwazi ukubhengeza iimolekyuli ezincinci, zavavanywa kunye ne-pore sieves ezinkulu, ezifana ne-10X kunye ne-13X, ezinokuthatha iimolekyuli ezinkulu zegesi. I-sieve ye-NaY, uhlobo lwe-zeolite, nayo yayibandakanyiwe ngenxa yendawo yayo ephezulu kunye ne-ion-exchange exchange. Ukongeza, ukwahluka kwe-MCM-41, i-MCM-41-Al kunye ne-MCM-41-Si, zikhethelwe izakhiwo zazo ezikhethekileyo ze-mesoporous, ezibonelela ngendlela eyahlukileyo ye-adsorption xa kuthelekiswa nee-zeolite zemveli.
Inqanaba lokulinga libandakanya ukubeka umgubo wesihluzo semolekyuli kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa umsi, ukulinganisa iimeko ezifumaneka ngokuqhelekileyo kwizicwangciso zemizi-mveliso. Abaphandi balinganisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwesisefu ngasinye ekubanjeni umsi, ukuhlalutya izinto ezinje ngomthamo we-adsorption, isantya sokubanjwa komsi, kunye nokusebenza kukonke ekunciphiseni ukugxila emoyeni kwezinto eziyingozi.
Iziphumo zokuqala zibonise ukuba ukusebenza kwee-sieves ze-molecular kwahluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe ekubunjweni kwazo kunye nesakhiwo. Iisefu ze-3A kunye ne-5A zibonise amandla amangalisayo ekubhengezeni amasuntswana omsi amancinci, ezenza ukuba zilungele usetyenziso apho i-fine particle ixhalabileyo. Ngokuchaseneyo, iisefu ezinkulu zepore, ngakumbi i-10X kunye ne-13X, zigqwesile ekubanjeni iimolekyuli ezinkulu zegesi, zibonisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo okunokwenzeka kwiinkqubo ezivelisa umsi onzima.
Isihluzo se-NaY sibonise iipropati eziphawulekayo ze-ion-exchange, ezingazange ziphucule nje kuphela ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-fume, kodwa zivumele ukuba zithintele iikhompawundi ezithile ezinetyhefu. Olu phawu lubeka uNaY njengomgqatswa othembisayo kumashishini ajongene nezixhobo ezinobungozi, apho zombini ukuthomalalisa umsi kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kweekhemikhali kubalulekile.
I-MCM-41-Al kunye ne-MCM-41-Si, kunye nezakhiwo zabo ezizodwa ze-mesoporous, zanikezela ngendlela eyahlukileyo yokunciphisa umsi. Ummandla wabo ophakamileyo kunye nobukhulu bepore obunokutyhutyhulwa buvumeleke ukuba kukhethwe i-adsorption yamacandelo athile omsi, okwenza ukuba babe neendlela ezahlukeneyo zobuchule bokulawula umsi. Uphononongo lubonise amandla ezi zinto ekuphuhliseni iinkqubo zokuhluza eziphambili ezinokuziqhelanisa neemfuno zamashishini ezahlukeneyo.
Njengoko uphando luqhubela phambili, iqela liphinde laphonononga amandla okuhlaziya i-molecular sieves. Ukukwazi ukubuyisela amandla e-adsorptive ye-sieves emva kokusetyenziswa kubalulekile kwisicelo sabo esisebenzayo kwiindawo zoshishino. Uphononongo lufumene ukuba uninzi lwee-sieves ezivavanyiweyo zinokuphinda zihlaziywe ngokufanelekileyo ngonyango lwe-thermal, okuvumela ukusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu komsebenzi.
Iziphumo zolu phononongo zidlulela ngaphaya kokucutha umsi nje. Ngokuchonga kunye nokuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwe-molecular sieve powders, amashishini anokunciphisa ngokubonakalayo indawo yawo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokwandisa ukhuseleko emsebenzini. Iziphumo zicebisa ukuba ukudibanisa ezi mathiriyeli kwiinkqubo ezikhoyo zolawulo lomsi kunokukhokelela kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo.
Ukuqukumbela, olu phononongo luvelisa ukukhanya malunga nokubanakho kwe-molecular sieve powders njengee-arhente ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa umsi. Ngeempawu zabo ezizodwa kunye nobuchule, i-sieves efana ne-3A, i-5A, i-10X, i-13X, i-NaY, i-MCM-41-Al, kunye ne-MCM-41-Si inikezela izisombululo ezithembisayo kwimingeni ebangelwa ukukhutshwa okuyingozi kwiinkqubo zoshishino. Njengoko amashishini eqhubeka efuna iindlela zokusebenza ezizinzileyo nezikhuselekileyo, ulwazi olufunyenwe kolu phando lunokuvula indlela yophuhliso lobuchwepheshe bolawulo lomsi oluphambili olubeka phambili zombini impilo kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Uphando olongezelelweyo kunye nentsebenziswano phakathi kwamaziko emfundo ephakamileyo kunye noshishino luya kubaluleka ukuguqulela ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo zibe zizicelo ezisebenzayo, ekugqibeleni zibe negalelo kumhlaba wemizi-mveliso ococekileyo nokhuselekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-19-2024
