Ngenxa yokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwamandla okucocwa kwehlabathi, imigangatho yemveliso yeoyile eqinayo, kunye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwemfuno yezinto ezikrwada zamakhemikhali, ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibangela ukucocwa kweoyile kuye kwaba sendleleni yokukhula okuzinzileyo. Phakathi kwazo, ukukhula okukhawulezayo kukwiimeko zoqoqosho ezintsha nakumazwe asakhasayo.
Ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo eziluhlaza, iimveliso kunye nezakhiwo zezixhobo zefektri nganye yokuhluza, ukusetyenziswa kweekhatalysts ezijolise ngakumbi ukufumana imveliso efanelekileyo okanye izinto eziluhlaza zekhemikhali, ukukhetha iikhatalysts ezinokuziqhelanisa ngcono okanye ukukhetha kunokusombulula iingxaki eziphambili zefektri ezahlukeneyo zokuhluza kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, e-Asia Pacific, e-Afrika nakuMbindi Mpuma, ubungakanani bokusetyenziswa kunye nesantya sokukhula kwazo zonke izinto ezibangela ukonakala, kubandakanya ukucocwa, ukwenziwa kwe-polymerization, ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali, njl.njl. ziphezulu kunezo zemimandla ephuhlileyo eYurophu nase-United States.
Kwixesha elizayo, ukwandiswa kwe-hydrogenation yepetroli kuya kuba yeyona inkulu, kulandele i-hydrogenation ye-middle distillate, i-FCC, i-isomerization, i-hydrocracking, i-hydrogenation ye-naphtha, i-hydrogenation yeoyile enzima (i-oyile eseleyo), i-alkylation (i-superposition), i-reforming, njl.njl., kwaye imfuno ye-catalyst ehambelana nayo iya kwanda ngokufanayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yemijikelo eyahlukeneyo yokusetyenziswa kwee-catalysts ezahlukeneyo zokucoca ioyile, ubungakanani bee-catalysts zokucoca ioyile abunakunyuka ngokwanda komthamo. Ngokwezibalo zentengiso yemarike, uninzi lwentengiso zii-catalysts ze-hydrogenation (ukulungisa amanzi kunye ne-hydrocracking, ezibalelwa kwi-46% yetotali iyonke), kulandele ii-catalysts ze-FCC (40%), kulandele ii-catalysts zokuguqula (8%), ii-alkylation catalysts (5%) kunye nezinye (1%).
Nazi iimpawu eziphambili ze-catalysts ezivela kwiinkampani ezininzi ezidumileyo kwihlabathi liphela:
1. IiAxens
I-Axens yasekwa ngomhla wama-30 kweyeSilimela ngo-2001, ngokudityaniswa kwesebe lokudlulisela ubuchwepheshe le-Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP) kunye ne-Procatalyse Catalysts and Additives.
I-Axens liqumrhu elizimeleyo elisebenzisa amava ophando nophuhliso lweminyaka ephantse ibe ngama-70 kunye nempumelelo yemizi-mveliso ye-French Institute of Petroleum Research ukuze iqhube ilayisenisi yenkqubo, uyilo lwezityalo kunye neenkonzo ezinxulumene noko, ibonelela ngeemveliso (ii-catalysts kunye nee-adsorbents) zokucocwa, ii-petrochemicals kunye nemveliso yegesi.
Ii-catalysts kunye nee-adsorbents ze-Axens zithengiswa kakhulu eMntla Melika naseYurophu.
Le nkampani inoluhlu olupheleleyo lwee-catalysts, Ezi ziquka ii-protective bed catalysts, izinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ii-distillate hydrotreating catalysts, ii-residual hydrotreating catalysts, ii-hydrocracking catalysts, ii-sulfur recovery (Claus) catalysts, ii-tail gas treatment catalysts, ii-hydrogenation catalysts (i-hydrogenation, ii-Prime-G+ process catalysts kunye nee-selective hydrogenation catalysts), ii-reforming kunye ne-isomerization catalysts (ii-reforming catalysts, ii-isomerization) Catalysts), ii-biofuels kunye nezinye ii-special catalysts kunye nee-Fischer-Tropsch catalysts, ii-olefin dimerization catalysts, nazo zibonelela nge-adsorbents, zizonke zingaphezulu kwe-150 iintlobo.
2. ULyondellBasell
ILyondellbasell inekomkhulu layo eRotterdam, eNetherlands.
Yasekwa ngoDisemba ka-2007, iBasel yeyona mveliso inkulu ye-polyolefin ehlabathini. IBasell ithenge iLyondellChemicals nge-$12.7 yeebhiliyoni ukuze yenze iLyondellBasell Industries entsha. Le nkampani ihlelwe yaba ziiyunithi ezine zoshishino: iShishini leFuel, iShishini leKhemikhali, iShishini lePolymer, iTekhnoloji kunye neShishini loPhando noPhuhliso; Ineefektri ezingaphezu kwama-60 kumazwe ali-19, kwaye iimveliso zayo zithengiswa kumazwe angaphezu kwe-100 kwihlabathi liphela, kunye nabasebenzi abali-15,000. Xa yasekwa, yaba yinkampani yesithathu ngobukhulu yamakhemikhali ezimeleyo ehlabathini.
Ngokugxila kwi-olefin, i-polyolefin kunye nezinye izinto ezinxulumene nayo, ukuthengwa kweLyander Chemicals kwandisa umgangatho wenkampani kwi-petrochemicals, komeleza isikhundla sayo sobunkokeli kwi-polyolefin, kwaye komeleza isikhundla sayo kwi-propylene oxide (PO), iimveliso ezidityaniswe ne-PO i-styrene monomer kunye ne-methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), kunye nakwiimveliso ze-acetyl. Kwaye ne-PO derivatives ezifana ne-butanediol kunye ne-propylene glycol ethers zikhokela isikhundla;
ILyondellbasell Industries yenye yeenkampani ezinkulu zepolymer, petrochemical kunye nepetroli ehlabathini. Inkokeli yehlabathi kubuchwepheshe be-polyolefin, imveliso kunye nemarike; Yiyo eyona ngcali kwi-propylene oxide kunye nezinto eziphuma kuyo. Ngumvelisi obalulekileyo weoyile yamafutha kunye neemveliso zayo ezicociweyo, kubandakanya i-biofuels;
ILyondellbasell ikwindawo yokuqala kwihlabathi ngokuvelisa i-polypropylene kunye ne-polypropylene catalyst production. Umthamo wemveliso ye-propylene oxide ukwindawo yesibini kwihlabathi. Umthamo wemveliso ye-polyethylene ukwindawo yesithathu ehlabathini; Ikwindawo yesine kwihlabathi ngokuvelisa i-propylene kunye ne-ethylene; Umthamo wokuqala wemveliso ye-styrene monomer kunye ne-MTBE kwihlabathi; Umthamo wemveliso ye-TDI ubandakanya i-14% yehlabathi, ukwindawo yesithathu kwihlabathi; Umthamo wemveliso ye-ethylene we-6.51 yezigidi zeetoni ngonyaka, umvelisi wesibini ngobukhulu eMntla Melika; Ukongeza, iLyondellBasell ngumvelisi wesibini we-HDPE kunye ne-LDPE eMntla Melika.
I-Lyander Basell Industries inezityalo ezine ezivelisa i-catalyst, ezimbini eJamani (eLudwig naseFrankfurt), enye e-Itali (eFerrara) kunye nenye e-United States (e-Edison, eNew Jersey). Le nkampani ngumthengisi ohamba phambili kwihlabathi jikelele wee-catalysts ze-PP, kwaye ii-catalysts zayo ze-PP zenza i-1/3 yesabelo semarike yehlabathi; ii-catalysts ze-PE zenza i-10% yesabelo semarike yehlabathi.
3. UJohnson Matthey
UJohnson Matthey wasekwa ngo-1817 kwaye unekomkhulu eliseLondon, eNgilane. UJohnson Matthey yinkokeli yehlabathi kubuchwepheshe bezinto eziphucukileyo kunye neeyunithi zoshishino ezintathu: iTekhnoloji yokusingqongileyo, iimveliso zeZinyithi ezixabisekileyo kunye neeChemicals kunye neeCatalysts ezintle.
Imisebenzi ephambili yeQela ibandakanya ukuveliswa kwee-catalysts zeemoto, ukuveliswa kwee-catalysts zeenjini zedizili ezinzima kunye neenkqubo zazo zokulawula ungcoliseko, ii-catalysts zeeseli zepetroli kunye nezixhobo zazo, ii-catalysts zenkqubo yeekhemikhali kunye nobuchwepheshe bazo, ukuveliswa nokuthengiswa kweekhemikhali ezintle kunye nezinto ezisebenzayo zamayeza, ukucocwa kweoyile, ukucubungula isinyithi esixabisekileyo, kunye nokuveliswa kwee-pigment kunye neengubo zokugqoka kwimizi-mveliso yeglasi neye-ceramic.
Kwishishini lokucokisa kunye neekhemikhali, uJohnson Matthey ikakhulu uvelisa i-methanol synthesis catalyst, i-synthetic ammonia catalyst, i-hydrogen production catalyst, i-hydrogenation catalyst, i-raw material purification catalyst, i-pre-conversion catalyst, i-steam conversion catalyst, i-high temperature conversion catalyst, i-low temperature conversion catalyst, i-deVOC catalyst, i-deodorization catalyst, njl. Zabizwa ngokuba yi-KATALCO, PURASPEC, HYTREAT, PURAVOC, Sponge MetalTM, HYDECAT, SMOPEX, ODORGARD, ACCENT kunye nezinye iimpawu.
Iindidi ze-Methanol catalyst zezi: i-cleansing catalyst, i-pre-conversion catalyst, i-steam conversion catalyst, i-gas thermal conversion catalyst, i-two-stage conversion catalyst kunye ne-self-thermal conversion catalyst, i-sulfur-resistant conversion catalyst, i-methanol synthesis catalyst.
Iindidi zee-catalysts ze-ammonia ezenziweyo zezi: i-catalyst yokucoca, i-catalyst yangaphambi kokuguqulwa, i-catalyst yokuguqula yesigaba sokuqala, i-catalyst yokuguqula yesigaba sesibini, i-catalyst yokuguqula yobushushu obuphezulu, i-catalyst yokuguqula yobushushu obuphantsi, i-catalyst ye-methanation, i-catalyst yokwenziwa kwe-ammonia.
Iindidi zeekhatalyst zemveliso yehydrogen zezi: i-catalyst yokucoca, i-catalyst yangaphambi kokuguqulwa, i-catalyst yokuguqula umphunga, i-catalyst yokuguqula ubushushu obuphezulu, i-catalyst yokuguqula ubushushu obuphantsi, i-catalyst ye-methanation.
Iikhatalyst zophawu lwe-PURASPEC ziquka: ikhatalyst yokususa i-sulfurization, ikhatalyst yokususa i-mercury, ikhatalyst ye-deCOS, ikhatalyst ecocekileyo kakhulu, ikhatalyst ye-hydrodesulfurization.
4. IHaldor Topsoe, eDenmark
IHelder Topso yasekwa ngo-1940 nguGqr. Hardetopso kwaye namhlanje iqeshe abantu abamalunga ne-1,700. Ikomkhulu layo, ilebhu yophando oluphambili kunye neziko lobunjineli zikufutshane neCopenhagen, eDenmark;
Le nkampani izibophelele kuphando lwesayensi, uphuhliso kunye nokuthengiswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibangela ukonakala, kwaye ibandakanya ukudluliselwa kobuchwepheshe obunelungelo lobunikazi, kunye nobunjineli kunye nokwakhiwa kweenqaba ezibangela ukonakala;
I-Topsoe ikakhulu ivelisa i-synthetic ammonia catalyst, i-raw material purification catalyst, i-automotive catalyst, i-CO conversion catalyst, i-combustion catalyst, i-dimethyl ether catalyst (DME), i-denitrification catalyst (DeNOx), i-methanation catalyst, i-methanol catalyst, i-oil refined catalyst, i-steam reforming catalyst, i-sulfuric acid catalyst, i-wet sulfuric acid (WSA) catalyst.
Iikhatalysts zokucoca ioyile zikaTopsoe ziquka ikakhulu i-hydrotreating catalyst, i-hydrocracking catalyst kunye ne-pressure drop control catalyst. Phakathi kwazo, iikhatalysts zokucoca ioyile zinokwahlulwa zibe yi-naphtha hydrotreating, i-oil refined hydrotreating, i-low sulfur kunye ne-ultra-low sulfur diesel hydrotreating kunye neekhatalysts ze-FCC pretreatment ngokwendlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo iikhatalysts zokucoca ioyile zenkampani zineentlobo ezingama-44;
ITopsoe inezityalo ezimbini zokuvelisa izinto ezibangela umhlaza eDenmark nase-United States ezinemizila yemveliso engama-24 iyonke.
5. Iqela le-INOES
Yasekwa ngo-1998, i-Ineos Group yinkampani yesine ngobukhulu emhlabeni yeekhemikhali kunye nomvelisi wehlabathi weekhemikhali zepetrochemicals, iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo kunye neemveliso zepetroleum, enekomkhulu eliseSouthampton, e-UK.
Iqela le-Ineos laqala ukukhula ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990 ngokufumana ii-asethi ezingezizo ezingundoqo zezinye iinkampani, ngaloo ndlela langena kuluhlu lweenkokheli zeekhemikhali zehlabathi.
Ububanzi beshishini le-Ineos Group buquka iimveliso ze-petrochemical, iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo kunye neemveliso zepetroleum, phakathi kwazo i-ABS, i-HFC, i-phenol, i-acetone, i-melamine, i-acrylonitrile, i-acetonitrile, i-polystyrene kunye nezinye iimveliso zithatha indawo ephambili kwimarike yehlabathi. I-PVC, iimveliso ze-vulcanization, i-VAM, ii-PVC composites, i-linear alpha olefin, i-ethylene oxide, i-formaldehyde kunye ne-derivatives yayo, i-ethylene, i-polyethylene, ipetroli, idizili, i-jet fuel, ioyile ye-civil fuel kunye nezinye iimveliso zikwindawo ephambili kwimarike yaseYurophu.
Ngowama-2005 i-Ineos yathenga i-Innovene kwi-BP yaza yangena kwimveliso kunye nokuthengiswa kwee-catalysts. Ishishini le-catalyst lenkampani liphantsi kwe-Ineos Technologies, ebonelela kakhulu ngee-catalysts ze-polyolefin, ii-acrylonitrile catalysts, ii-maleic anhydride catalysts, ii-vinyl catalysts kunye nezisombululo zazo zobugcisa.
Ii-catalysts zePolyolefin ziye zenziwa kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-30, zibonelela ngee-catalysts, iinkonzo zobugcisa kunye nenkxaso kwiitoni ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezi-7.7 ze-Innovene™ PE kunye neetoni ezi-3.3 zezigidi zezityalo ze-Innovene™ PP.
6. Iikhemikhali zeMitsui
Yasekwa ngo-1997, iMitsui Chemical yinkampani yesibini ngobukhulu edibeneyo yamakhemikhali eJapan emva kweMitsubishi Chemical Corporation, kwaye yenye yezona nkampani ziphambili kwihlabathi zabavelisi be-phenol, isopropyl alcohol, i-polyethylene kunye neemveliso ze-polypropylene, enekomkhulu eliseTokyo, eJapan.
I-Mitsui Chemical ngumvelisi weekhemikhali, izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye neemveliso ezinxulumene noko. Okwangoku yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu eshishini: Izixhobo ezisebenzayo, iiKhemikhali eziPhambili, kunye neeKhemikhali eziSiseko. Ishishini layo le-catalyst liyinxalenye yeNtloko yeShishini leeKhemikhali eziPhambili; Ezi catalysts ziquka i-olefin polymerization catalyst, i-molecular catalyst, i-heterogeneous catalyst, i-alkyl anthraquinone catalyst njalo njalo.
7, Inkampani ye-JGC C&C Day swing catalyst Formation
I-Nichiwa Catalyst & Chemicals Corporation, eyaziwa ngokuba yiNichiwa Catalyst & Chemicals Corporation, yasungulwa ngoJulayi 1, 2008, ngokuhlanganisa ishishini kunye nezixhobo zeenkampani ezimbini eziphantsi kwayo ngokupheleleyo zeJapan Nichiwa Corporation (JGC CORP, isifinyezo sesiTshayina seNIChiwa), iJapan Catalyst Chemical Corporation (CCIC) kunye neNick Chemical Co., LTD. (NCC). Ikomkhulu layo likwiSixeko saseKawasaki, eKanagawa Prefecture, eJapan.
I-CCIC yasekwa ngoJulayi 21, 1958, kwaye inekomkhulu layo kwiSixeko saseKawasaki, eKanagawa Prefecture, eJapan. Isebenza kakhulu ekuveliseni ii-catalysts, kunye nee-catalysts zokucoca i-petroleum njengeziko, iimveliso ziquka ii-catalysts ze-FCC, ii-catalysts zokulungisa amanzi, ii-catalysts ze-denitrification (DeNox) kunye neemveliso zeekhemikhali ezintle (izinto zokuthambisa, izinto ezibonakalayo, izinto zekristale yolwelo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemiboniso, izixhobo ze-semiconductor, njl.njl.). I-NCC yasekwa ngo-Agasti 18, 1952, kwaye ikomkhulu layo likwiSixeko saseNiigata, eNiigata Prefecture, eJapan. Uphuhliso oluphambili, imveliso kunye nokuthengiswa kwee-catalysts zeekhemikhali, iimveliso ziquka ikakhulu i-hydrogenation catalyst, i-dehydrogenation catalyst, i-solid alkali catalyst, ii-adsorbents zokucoca igesi, njl.njl. Izixhobo ze-Cathode kunye nee-catalysts zokucoca okusingqongileyo kwiibhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona.
Ngokweemveliso, inkampani yahlulwe yangamacandelo amathathu: i-catalyst, iikhemikhali ezintle kunye nokusingqongileyo/amandla amatsha. Le nkampani ivelisa kwaye ithengisa ii-catalyst eziquka ii-catalyst zokucocwa kweoyile, ii-catalyst zokucubungula i-petrochemical kunye nee-catalyst zokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
Ii-catalysts zokucoca indalo ikakhulu zii-catalysts ze-FCC kunye nee-catalysts ze-hydrogenation process, ezi zokugqibela ziquka i-hydrofining, i-hydrotreating kunye ne-hydrocracking catalysts; Ii-catalysts zeekhemikhali ziquka i-petrochemical catalyst, i-hydrogenation catalyst, i-syngas conversion catalyst, i-catalysts kunye ne-zeolite; Ii-catalysts zokukhusela indalo ziquka: iimveliso ezinxulumene nendalo, ii-catalysts ze-flue gas denitrification, ii-catalysts ze-oxidation kunye nezixhobo zonyango lokukhupha umoya emotweni, izinto zokususa ivumba/i-antibacterial, ii-VOC adsorption/decomposition catalysts, njl.
I-denitration catalyst yenkampani inesabelo semarike esingama-80% eYurophu kunye nesabelo semarike esingama-70% eMelika, kwaye ibandakanya ngaphezulu kwama-60% ee-denitration catalysts zezityalo zamandla zehlabathi.
8. I-SINOPEC Catalyst Co., LTD
I-Sinopec Catalyst Co., LTD., inkampani ephethwe ngokupheleleyo yiSinopec Corporation, yiyo eyona nkampani inoxanduva lokuvelisa, ukuthengisa kunye nokulawula ishishini le-catalyst leSinopec, inoxanduva lotyalo-mali kunye nokusebenza kweshishini le-catalyst leSinopec, kwaye iqhuba ulawulo lobungcali lwamashishini emveliso ye-catalyst yenkampani.
I-Sinopec Catalyst Co., Ltd. yenye yezona mveliso zinkulu, ababoneleli kunye nababoneleli ngeenkonzo zokucoca kunye neekhatalyst zeekhemikhali. Ixhomekeke kwi-Institute of Petrochemical Science yophando lwasekhaya oluqinileyo kunye ne-Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute, le nkampani iyaqhubeka nokwandisa imakethi yekhatalyst yasekhaya neyehlabathi. Iimveliso zeCatalyst ziquka i-catalyst yokucoca ioyile, i-polyolefin catalyst, i-basic organic raw material catalyst, i-coal chemical catalyst, i-environmental protection catalyst, ezinye iikhatalysts kunye nezinye iindidi ezi-6. Ngelixa ihlangabezana neemfuno zemakethi yasekhaya, iimveliso zithunyelwa eYurophu, eMelika, eAsia, eAfrika nakwezinye iimakethi zamazwe ngamazwe.
Isiseko semveliso sisasazwa kakhulu kumaphondo nakwizixeko ezintandathu, kuquka iBeijing, iShanghai, iHunan, iShandong, iLiaoning kunye neJiangsu, kwaye iimveliso zigubungela amacandelo amathathu okukhuthaza: ukucocwa kweoyile, ishishini leekhemikhali kunye nezinto ezisisiseko zendalo. Ineeyunithi ezisi-8 eziphethwe ngokupheleleyo, iiyunithi ezi-2 zokugcina, iyunithi enye yolawulo ephathisiweyo, amaziko okuthengisa kunye neenkonzo zasekhaya ama-4, kunye neeofisi ezimele amazwe amane.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-17-2023
